The effects of overfishing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The effects of overfishing - Essay Example The earth has various different natural resources, which are utilized by persons living in different geographical region. The number of people consuming fish is high as consumers are spread all over the world. As a means of getting resources for carrying on with their daily lives, many people residing around various water bodies indulge in fishing. In a bid to increase their income, fishermen usually strive to fish more; more fish implies more returns on investment. This practice is also practiced by commercial industries in a bid to maximize the profits realized. This leads to overfishing, which have adverse effects on the marine life, as some species of fish may become extinct (Ebbbin, Hoel & Sydes, 2005). The world’s population has been on the increase, which has necessitated the increase of the amount of food, and other resources required in order to support human life. Due to the increase in population, which translates to higher demand, there has been the need to increase the supply of fish. Therefore, the increased fish demand is satisfied through natural fishing or fish farming (Hilborn, 2012). In the case of fish farming, overfishing is not common with the farmers using certified nets while fishing; thus, ensuring that the fingerings are left in the ponds or dams. On the other hand, overfishing is rampant in wildlife fishing, where personal displine in adhering to the guidelines set to avoid overfishing is low. Wildlife overfishing has led to decline in the number of fish in the wildlife; thus having a negative effect on the diversity and richness of our environment. Overfishing has economic consequences to various stakeholders in the fishing and aquaculture industry. When overfishing is carried out, authorities in charge usually impose ban to fishing for certain periods to ensure that the fish breeds to the normal population. These bans make fishermen jobless; thus, affecting their living standards and of those who depend on them.

RESEARCH PAPER - CORPORATE TAX REFORM Assignment

RESEARCH PAPER - CORPORATE TAX REFORM - Assignment Example Corporate tax revenue share that included total federal tax revenues collapsed (Maples & Graveled, 2011)3. Consequently, federal revenues declined from 28% in 1950’s to less than 10 percent since the 1980’s. A big percentage of corporate profits that contribute a big percentage of federal revenue have also followed the same trend of decline. In 1950’s, corporation groups paid not less than 49 percent to federal income tax. However, the percentage dropped significantly to only 25.3 percent from 1990’s. In addition, despite the boom years of the 1990’s, share of the US economy remained sharply lower representing only two-fifths of GDP share in the 1950’s hence a drop in the federal revenue. Finally, since corporations in America bear the lowest income tax revenue compared to other European countries, United States bore the heavier burden to cater for the deficit in income tax. As a result, federal revenue decreases. Lowering tax rates implies a significant increase in the corporate income. Apart from income increase, tax inversion makes it safer to venture into business opportunities that organizations regarded as too risky to take. In the recent past, for instance, Endo Pharmaceutical made a bid to purchase Auxilium, a close competitor (Sullivan, 2011)4. Lower tax rates covering mergers and acquisitions influenced Endo Pharmaceuticals to proceed into a risky bid. In addition, if shareholders of a foreign company own only up to 80 percent of its shares, a US corporation enjoys payment of lower tax on subsequent earnings. Such corporations also evade paying taxes to the US on any cash they store outside the country. Consequently, companies easily enter into the market, increase market share, expand the list of therapeutic specialists, and use a single opportunity to reduce their tax rate. Furthermore, with tax reversion, corporations use transfer